Obesity and Ways of Treatment

What is obesity (adiposity)? First of all, this is a surplus of fat in the body. And secondly – is the presence of excess weight. Doctors around the world have warned that obesity can lead to hypertension, gallstone disease, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus. The main cause of all obesity is an imbalance between the two factors: the food eaten and energy expended. Excess energy accumulates in the body and stored in it in the form of fat not only in the thighs, belly and breast, legs, and in the area of physiological deposits.

The circumstances that predispose to obesity are:

* Dehydration

* A sedentary lifestyle (physical inactivity)

* Genetic factors, such as increased activity of enzymes of lipogenesis or reduced enzyme activity of lipolysis

* Drinking sugary drinks

* Diet, supersaturated with saccharides

* Constant sticking to various weight loss diets

* Some endocrine system disorders (hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, insulinoma)

* Malnutrition

* Frequent stress

* Chronic lack of sleep

* The use of psychotropic medications or hormonal

In an antiquity fatty people were considered as a sign of well-being. Look at, for example, the sculpture Venus of Willendorf which is dated 23 century B.C. This tells us, for example, a sculpture of Venus of Willendorf ( «Venus Uillendorfa”), which dates back to 23 centuries B.C.

Doctors classify obesity, dividing it into several types, the most dangerous of which is central obesity. Central obesity – excess fat adjournments in the abdominal area. This type of obesity is considered the most dangerous, because in connection with it suffers liver, pancreas, heart and vascular system. Patients with central obesity prone to diabetes, hypertension, heart attacks. If a patient ratio of waist to hip size above 0.9 (men above 1), then such a patient can be counted among the patients with central obesity.

Central obesity is also called “belly”. This type of obesity, for unknown reasons, is very common among beer drinkers, however, are not uncommon and teetotalers owners of the beer belly. Often the cause of obesity can be diet, to reduce weight. This is due to the fact that our body, received less nutrients begins to store food on a “black day” in the form of adipose tissue in an attempt to reserve for future days of hunger a little energy. Therefore, we begin to gain weight rapidly after the end of the diet, and even turning over the original weight.

Methods of medical treatment of obesity are reduced to three main groups:

1) Drug-free treatment of obesity, which adjusted the patient’s diet and increasing exercise.

2) Medical method – in which the doctor prescribes medication to the patient, which reduce appetite and inhibit absorption by the body of the most caloric nutrients. In addition, drugs that normalize and restore hormonal background can be added.

3) Surgical ways to get rid of obesity:

* Liposuction – the elimination of excess layers of fat under the skin in the “problem” areas;

* Enteroanastomoz  - operations on the intestines, which “turns off” from the process of digestion the small intestine;

* Ring for the stomach, through the imposition of which on the stomach, decreases its volume, and hence the rate of saturation;

* Abdominoplasty – the removal of a protruding or too big belly.

It is worth noting that in our time adiposity has taken the form of epidemic. 10-20% of the adult population in Europe are obese (with a body mass index above 30) and more than 25% – overweight with a BMI above 25. The figures prove that the higher standard of living, the more the population suffers from obesity. For example, in America, more than 34 million people suffer from obesity, while most were women (34% female population), slightly less than for men (31% males) and 25% of all are children under the age of 18 have such a diagnosis.

It is believed that such a sad state of affairs is due to the fact that many doctors do not consider obesity as a disease, and see in the presence of obesity the root cause – lack of discipline. But this is not always the case. And the problems of obesity should be treated just as an illness, treating not only the related diseases, but also the basic one – obesity.